Sentence Transformations / Transformacje zdań

Zadanie 8 — Rewrite the sentence using the key word

Read the sentences below. Using the word given in CAPITALS, complete each sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the original. Do not change the form of the given word. You may write a maximum of five words, including the word given.

8.1.

It wasn’t necessary for them to order so much food at the restaurant.

Key word: HAVE

They ________ ordered so much food at the restaurant.

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needn’t have
Needn’t have + past participle expresses that something was done but was not necessary. 'They needn’t have ordered’ = they ordered, but it wasn’t needed.
8.2.

It would have been better if we had booked a table in advance.

Key word: SHOULD

We ________ a table in advance.

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should have booked
Should have + past participle expresses regret about something that didn’t happen. 'We should have booked’ = it would have been better to book.
8.3.

I had never tasted anything as delicious as Māori hangi before that day.

Key word: NEVER

________ anything as delicious as Māori hangi before that day.

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Never had I tasted
When 'never’ is placed at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, the subject and auxiliary verb are inverted: 'Never had I tasted’ instead of 'I had never tasted.'
8.4.

Immediately after they poured the syrup on the snow, it hardened into taffy.

Key word: SOONER

No ________ the snow than it hardened into taffy.

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sooner had they poured
'No sooner...than’ expresses that one event happened immediately after another. Requires inversion: 'No sooner had they poured...than it hardened.' Also accepted: sooner did they pour.
8.5.

The settlers survived because Aboriginal people shared their food with them.

Key word: FOR

If it ________ Aboriginal people sharing their food, the settlers would not have survived.

Show answer
had not been for
'If it had not been for’ = 'were it not for’ (past). It means 'without.' 'If it had not been for Aboriginal people sharing food, the settlers wouldn’t have survived.'
8.6.

A professional chef prepared the wedding banquet for us.

Key word: HAD

We ________ by a professional chef.

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had the wedding banquet prepared
The causative 'have something done’ means to arrange for someone else to do something. 'We had the banquet prepared’ = we arranged for it to be prepared.
8.7.

Who invented the recipe for Nanaimo bars?

Key word: CAME

Who ________ the recipe for Nanaimo bars?

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came up with
'Come up with’ means to think of or invent something, especially an idea or plan. 'Who came up with the recipe?' = who invented it?
8.8.

The Vegemite factory produces enormous quantities of the spread every year.

Key word: OUT

The Vegemite factory ________ enormous quantities of the spread every year.

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turns out
'Turn out’ means to produce or manufacture something in quantity. 'The factory turns out enormous quantities’ = it produces a lot.
8.9.

The chef refused to reveal the secret ingredient in his poutine recipe.

Key word: GIVE

The chef refused to ________ the secret ingredient in his poutine recipe.

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give away
'Give away’ means to reveal something that should be kept secret. 'Refused to give away the secret ingredient’ = refused to reveal it.
8.10.

I regret not trying the pavlova when I was in New Zealand.

Key word: WISH

I ________ the pavlova when I was in New Zealand.

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wish I had tried
'I wish I had tried’ expresses regret about something that didn’t happen in the past. Wish + past perfect = I regret not doing this.
8.11.

Lamingtons are named after the former governor of Queensland.

Key word: WHOM

The former governor of Queensland, ________ lamingtons are named, served from 1895 to 1901.

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after whom
'After whom’ introduces a non-defining relative clause with a preposition. The lamingtons are named 'after’ someone, so 'after whom’ is the relative form.
8.12.

Montreal bagels are sweeter than New York bagels.

Key word: AS

New York bagels are ________ Montreal bagels.

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not as sweet as
'Not as sweet as’ is the negative form of comparison. If A is sweeter than B, then B is not as sweet as A.
8.13.

Dr Callister created Vegemite so that he could use the leftover yeast from beer production.

Key word: ORDER

Dr Callister created Vegemite ________ use the leftover yeast from beer production.

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in order to
'In order to’ expresses purpose — it means 'so that he could’ or 'with the aim of.' It’s more formal than 'to.'
8.14.

The hangi was so delicious that everyone asked for seconds.

Key word: SUCH

It was ________ hangi that everyone asked for seconds.

Show answer
such a delicious
'So delicious’ transforms to 'such a delicious [noun].' 'Such’ is used before a noun phrase, 'so’ before an adjective alone.
8.15.

They didn’t allow us to bring our own food into the restaurant.

Key word: PREVENTED

We ________ our own food into the restaurant.

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were prevented from bringing
'Be prevented from doing something’ = not be allowed to do something. Passive voice: 'We were prevented from bringing’ = they didn’t allow us to bring.
8.16.

I’m sure they used maple syrup instead of honey in this Canadian recipe.

Key word: HAVE

They ________ used maple syrup instead of honey in this Canadian recipe.

Show answer
must have
Must have + past participle expresses a strong deduction about the past. 'They must have used’ = I’m sure they used.
8.17.

The restaurant not only serves authentic Tex-Mex cuisine but also offers cooking classes.

Key word: ONLY

Not ________ authentic Tex-Mex cuisine but it also offers cooking classes.

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only does the restaurant serve
'Not only...but also’ requires inversion when 'not only’ begins the sentence.
8.18.

I didn’t know about the BBQ cook-off in Memphis, so I didn’t attend.

Key word: KNOWN

If I ________ about the BBQ cook-off in Memphis, I would have attended.

Show answer
had known
Third conditional expresses a hypothetical past situation: 'If I had known’ = but I didn’t know.
8.19.

Someone is renovating the historic Fairmont Bagel bakery in Montreal to preserve its original wood-fired ovens.

Key word: BEING

The historic Fairmont Bagel bakery in Montreal ________ to preserve its original wood-fired ovens.

Show answer
is being renovated
Present continuous passive: 'is being renovated’ = someone is renovating it.
8.20.

Australians and New Zealanders have a friendly relationship despite their long-running pavlova rivalry.

Key word: TERMS

Australians and New Zealanders ________ despite their long-running pavlova rivalry.

Show answer
are on good terms
'Be on good terms’ means to have a friendly, positive relationship.
8.21.

“You must try the clam chowder,” the waiter said to us.

Key word: INSISTED

The waiter ________ the clam chowder.

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insisted on us trying
'Insist on’ + gerund means to demand firmly. Also accepted: insisted we try.
8.22.

People believe that Australian chef Herbert Sasche created the first pavlova in 1935.

Key word: BELIEVED

Australian chef Herbert Sasche ________ created the first pavlova in 1935.

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is believed to have
'X is believed to have done Y’ = people believe that X did Y. Uses perfect infinitive for a past event.
8.23.

The last time I had a proper Aussie BBQ was three years ago.

Key word: SINCE

It ________ I last had a proper Aussie BBQ.

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has been three years since
'It has been [time] since’ expresses how long ago something happened.
8.24.

Montreal-style bagels became popular because of their unique honey-boiled, wood-fired method.

Key word: OWING

The popularity of Montreal-style bagels was ________ their unique honey-boiled, wood-fired method.

Show answer
owing to
'Owing to’ is a formal way of saying 'because of.'
8.25.

Although the recipe for Anzac biscuits is simple, they have remained popular for over a century.

Key word: SPITE

In ________ a simple recipe, Anzac biscuits have remained popular for over a century.

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spite of having
'In spite of’ means 'although’ or 'despite.'
8.26.

The Native Americans introduced corn to the European settlers.

Key word: WHO

It ________ introduced corn to the European settlers.

Show answer
was the Native Americans who
A cleft sentence uses 'It was...who/that’ to emphasize a particular part of the sentence.
8.27.

Despite the critics, the chef-led revolution really transformed New Zealand’s food scene.

Key word: DID

Despite the critics, the chef-led revolution ________ New Zealand’s food scene.

Show answer
did transform
'Did’ before the base form of a verb adds emphasis: 'did transform’ = really transformed.
8.28.

I never visited New England, so I can’t compare its clam chowder to other versions.

Key word: COULD

If I had visited New England, I ________ its clam chowder to other versions.

Show answer
could compare
Mixed conditional combines a past condition with a present result: 'If I had visited, I could compare’ — but I didn’t, so I can’t.
8.29.

“Don’t use cups to measure flour — use a scale instead,” the baking instructor told us.

Key word: ADVISED

The baking instructor ________ cups to measure flour.

Show answer
advised us not to use
'Advise someone not to do something’ reports a negative recommendation.
8.30.

After the First Fleet arrived in Australia, the settlers had to adapt to unfamiliar ingredients.

Key word: HAVING

________ in Australia, the settlers had to adapt to unfamiliar ingredients.

Show answer
Having arrived
'Having arrived’ is a participle clause meaning 'after arriving’ or 'after they arrived.'
8.31.

In the past, New Zealanders mainly ate simple British-style meals, but now they enjoy diverse international cuisines.

Key word: USED

New Zealanders ________ simple British-style meals, but now they enjoy diverse international cuisines.

Show answer
used to eat
'Used to’ describes a past habit or state that is no longer true.
8.32.

I’m sorry that I can’t attend the maple taffy festival this year.

Key word: WISH

I ________ the maple taffy festival this year.

Show answer
wish I could attend
'Wish + could’ expresses regret about something that is not possible now.
8.33.

I’d prefer you not to convert the recipe from imperial to metric units.

Key word: RATHER

I ________ the recipe from imperial to metric units.

Show answer
would rather you didn’t convert
'Would rather someone did/didn’t something’ expresses a preference about another person’s action using past simple.
8.34.

If you don’t use the freshest fish, you can’t make proper whitebait fritters.

Key word: UNLESS

You can’t make proper whitebait fritters ________ the freshest fish.

Show answer
unless you use
'Unless’ means 'if not’ or 'except if.' It introduces a necessary condition.
8.35.

No other food product is as important to Canada’s economy as maple syrup.

Key word: FAR

Maple syrup is ________ important food product to Canada’s economy.

Show answer
by far the most
'By far the most’ emphasizes that something is significantly more than all others.
8.36.

A recipe will work with either imperial or metric measurements if you are consistent throughout.

Key word: LONG

A recipe will work with either imperial or metric measurements ________ consistent throughout.

Show answer
as long as you are
'As long as’ means 'provided that’ — the condition must be met.
8.37.

At first, the European settlers found Australian bush food strange, but eventually they started to accept it.

Key word: GOT

The European settlers eventually ________ Australian bush food.

Show answer
got used to
'Get used to’ means to gradually become accustomed to something new or different.
8.38.

If the chef had more time, he would prepare a traditional hāngī for the guests.

Key word: WERE

Were the chef ________ more time, he would prepare a traditional hāngī for the guests.

Show answer
to have
'Were the chef to have’ is a formal inversion of 'If the chef had.' The structure 'Were + subject + to infinitive’ replaces 'If + subject + past simple’ in formal English.
8.39.

Would you like to try some of the homemade butter tarts?

Key word: MIND

Would you ________ some of the homemade butter tarts?

Show answer
mind trying
'Would you mind + -ing’ is a polite way of offering or suggesting something, equivalent to 'Would you like to.'
8.40.

In fact, New Zealand lamb is exported to more than 120 countries.

Key word: MATTER

As a ________ New Zealand lamb is exported to more than 120 countries.

Show answer
matter of fact
'As a matter of fact’ is a formal expression meaning 'in fact’ or 'actually.'
8.41.

It is useless to add more salt after the dish has already been served.

Key word: POINT

There is no ________ more salt after the dish has already been served.

Show answer
point in adding
'There is no point in doing something’ means it is useless or futile. The expression requires a gerund (-ing form).